Destructive Insects: An Examination of Carpenter Ants and Their Wood-Eating Habits
In the state of Ohio, the black carpenter ant, Camponotus pennsylvanicus, is the most common species of these large, intrusive insects. Known for their distinctive characteristics, these ants can cause significant damage to homes and structures.
Size and Colour
Black carpenter ants are relatively large compared to other ants, typically measuring around 3/8 to 1/2 inch (7 to 13 mm) in length. Their colour can vary, but they are often primarily black, with some species having brown, brownish-black, or a mix that includes red or yellow tones [1][5].
Body Shape
These ants have a unique body shape. They possess a rounded thorax (mesosoma) that forms a continuous curve from the pronotum to the propodeum when viewed in profile. Their antennae are bent, and the head is heart-shaped. An important identification feature is the presence of a single node (petiole) between the thorax and abdomen, which distinguishes them from other ants [1][5].
Nesting Behaviour
Carpenter ants do not consume wood but excavate it to build nests, preferably in dead or damp wood. This results in the presence of wood shavings or “sawdust”-like material outside the nest, which is a key sign of infestation. They commonly infest wooden structures, causing potential structural damage [1][5].
Activity Signs
Carpenter ants tend to be more active during early mornings or at night. Other signs of infestation include hearing ants inside walls and finding piles of wood shavings near wooden structures [1].
Distinguishing from Other Ants
Black carpenter ants are larger than typical black ants found in homes, such as pavement ants or moisture ants. Moisture ants are smaller, about 1/8 inch, and tend to be dark brown and nest in moist soil or inside buildings near water leaks, whereas carpenter ants are larger and tunnel in wood [1][3][5].
In Summary
To identify black carpenter ants in Ohio, look out for their **large size (3/8 to 1/2 inch)**, **black or dark colouration**, a **single node between thorax and abdomen**, **rounded thorax**, **heart-shaped head**, and their habit of nesting in wood with visible wood shavings as evidence of their presence [1][5]. If you notice these characteristics or signs, it is recommended to consult a professional for inspection to prevent potential structural damage.
References: [1] Ohio State University Extension. (2021). Carpenter Ants. Retrieved from
In terms of pest management, it's crucial to distinguish black carpenter ants, especially in home-and-garden settings, due to their potential damage to structures. As their lifestyle primarily involves nesting in damp or dead wood, maintaining soil moisture around your home could attract these ants if left unattended.
